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The rubber tree (Ficus elastica) is a popular houseplant known for its glossy, leathery leaves and tall, tree-like growth. Native to Southeast Asia, this plant is not only visually striking but also relatively low-maintenance, making it a favorite for both novice and seasoned plant enthusiasts. With the right care, a rubber tree can thrive and become a stunning centerpiece in your indoor space. Here’s how to keep your rubber tree healthy and happy.
Rubber trees thrive in bright, indirect light. A spot near a window with filtered sunlight is ideal, such as an east-facing or north-facing window. While they can tolerate some direct morning sunlight, avoid harsh afternoon rays, which can scorch their leaves. In lower light conditions, the plant may grow more slowly, and its leaves might lose vibrancy.
Rubber trees prefer consistently moist soil but are sensitive to overwatering. Allow the top inch of soil to dry out before watering thoroughly. During its growing season (spring and summer), water more frequently, ensuring excess water drains away. In fall and winter, reduce watering as the plant’s growth slows. Always avoid letting the plant sit in standing water, as this can lead to root rot. When watering into a pot without drainage holes, be sure to discard any excess water to prevent root rot or pests.
Rubber trees enjoy warm, humid conditions. Keep temperatures between 65–80°F (18–27°C) and avoid exposing the plant to temperatures below 50°F (10°C) or sudden drafts. They thrive in average indoor humidity but will benefit from occasional misting, especially in dry winter months.
Rubber trees require well-draining soil to prevent waterlogging. Use a high-quality potting mix with added perlite or sand to enhance drainage. Repot the plant every 1–2 years or when it becomes root-bound. Choose a pot with drainage holes to allow excess water to escape. When repotting, select a container slightly larger than the current one to give the roots room to grow.
Feed your rubber tree with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer once a month during the growing season. Fertilizing provides the nutrients necessary for healthy growth and vibrant leaves. Avoid over-fertilizing, and skip feeding during the plant’s dormant period in fall and winter.
Prune your rubber tree to control its size and shape. Use clean, sharp pruning shears to remove any dead, damaged, or leggy growth. If the plant becomes too tall, trim the top to encourage branching. The milky sap that oozes from cuts can be irritating, so wear gloves and avoid contact with your skin.
Dust the leaves occasionally with a damp cloth to keep them clean and shiny. Removing dust also improves the plant’s ability to photosynthesize.
Rubber trees can be propagated through stem cuttings. Cut a healthy stem with a few leaves, and allow the cut end to dry for an hour. Place the cutting in a jar of water or directly in moist potting soil. If propagating in water, change the water weekly until roots develop, then transfer the cutting to soil.
Rubber trees are toxic to pets if ingested. They contain sap that can cause irritation, vomiting, and diarrhea in cats and dogs. Keep the plant out of reach of curious pets to ensure their safety.