Share
Ficus bonsai trees are popular houseplants that combine the beauty of traditional bonsai with the resilience of the Ficus genus. Common species used for bonsai include Ficus retusa and Ficus microcarpa, both known for their glossy green leaves, sculptural trunks, and aerial roots. These miniature trees make stunning indoor displays and are relatively easy to care for with the right techniques. Here's a guide to help your Ficus bonsai thrive.
Ficus bonsai trees require bright, indirect light to grow well. Place your tree near a south- or east-facing window where it can receive plenty of filtered sunlight. They can tolerate some direct sunlight, especially in the morning, but avoid harsh afternoon sun, which can scorch the leaves. If natural light is limited, supplement with a grow light to ensure the tree gets 10-12 hours of light daily.
Proper watering is essential for a healthy Ficus bonsai. Water the plant thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry, allowing water to drain out of the pot's holes. Bonsai trees are sensitive to overwatering, which can lead to root rot, so avoid letting the soil stay soggy. During warmer months, you may need to water more frequently, while in winter, watering can be reduced.
Ficus bonsai trees thrive in well-draining bonsai soil, which is typically a mix of akadama, pumice, and lava rock. This type of soil allows for proper aeration and prevents waterlogging. If you don't have access to bonsai soil, a mix of regular potting soil with added sand or perlite can work as an alternative.
Ficus bonsai trees prefer warm temperatures between 60-75°F (16-24°C) and do not tolerate cold drafts or frost. They thrive in moderate to high humidity, so consider misting the plant regularly or placing it on a humidity tray to create a more tropical environment.
Feed your Ficus bonsai with a balanced bonsai fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Use a liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength for best results. In fall and winter, reduce feeding to once a month or stop altogether if the plant is dormant.
Regular pruning is key to maintaining the shape and size of your Ficus bonsai. Trim back new growth to maintain the tree's desired form and encourage branching. Ficus bonsai trees respond well to wiring, allowing you to shape the branches as desired. Be gentle when wiring, as the branches can be brittle and prone to snapping. Remove the wire after a few months to avoid scarring.
Repot your Ficus bonsai every 2 to 3 years in early spring to refresh the soil and prevent the roots from becoming too crowded. Trim the roots carefully and replant the tree in fresh bonsai soil. Choose a pot with good drainage and ensure the tree is securely anchored in its new container.
Ficus bonsai trees are easy to propagate through stem cuttings. Take a healthy cutting with at least two nodes, dip it in rooting hormone, and plant it in moist soil. Keep the cutting in a warm, humid environment with bright, indirect light until roots develop.
Ficus bonsai trees are toxic to pets, as they contain a milky sap that can irritate the skin and digestive system if ingested. Keep the tree out of reach of cats, dogs, and other pets to ensure their safety.